 |
|
With a Dutch invasions (1624-1630), farms and devices northeast suffer a certain temporary organization, given the deviated attention of gentlemen and governing for the expulsion of the invaders, diminishing for certain period, in consequences of this fact, the rigidity exerted even then on the slave.
He tries to get rid itself of the suffering, and using to advantage itself of incident of the Dutch invasions, the black people see to arrive great possibility of the escape for the bushes and wastelands northeastern, forming the ‘quilombos', being the ‘Quilombo dos Palmares' one of more important, bigger headquarters of all the other redoubts of fugitive blacks.
Leader of the rebels in the ‘Quilombo dos Palmares', Zumbi, still today, a symbol of freedom for the Brazilian blacks and loving of the ideals of justice and the social equality. Of this great warrior, we inherit the respect for the determination, courage and dignity of the black race. Descendant of the warriors imbagalas or jagas, of Angola, Zumbi was born probaly in 1655, in one the mocambos of quilombo. |
|
With few days of life it was imprisoned by the expedition of Brás da Rocha Cardoso and given to the priest Antônio Melo in Calvo Port. The priest created the boy, baptizing it as Francisco. With the received education, to the 10 years already Latin and Portuguese wise person and to the 12 years he was the priest helper. In a letter, the priest mentions the boy to it as one brilliant boy never imagined in its race and that few times find in whites.
With fifteen years, the young Francisco search to freedom and runs away from the claws of the priest Melo and returns to quilombo where it was born. In Palmares, Francisco, the fugitive slave, receives the name from ‘Zumbi' and a great mission: to defend quilombo. Zumbi perfects in the calls black fights and strategies of attack and defense, conqueriong the admiration and the respect of all in quilombo.
The quilombos were constructed by mocambos, groupings of huts that they had a proper leader. For descent and courage, Zumbi soon becomes leader of mocambo. With na assssinated son and imprisoned others two, Ganga Zumba, in 1678, the king of Palmares makes a peace accord with the Portuguese. But Zumbi not it agrees to this. Together with its Andalaquituche brother, Zumbi it considers to free all the slaves, receiving the fugitives of Ganga Zumba in this mocambo.
Ganga Zumba dies poisoned and Zumbi becomes the new king of Quilombo of Palmares. After constant defeats, until the whites, they start to respect Zumbi, calling it of captain.
In 1694, he was attacked by the troops led of Domingos Jorge Velho. In this episode, he fells doubly in a ravine, transferred. This fall favored the creation of the myth of the hero who committed suicide to prevent the slave again. However, in 1695, Zumbi came back to attack town in Pernambuco, showing that it had not died.
He was be trait for one of this main commanders, Antonio Soares, that changed his freedom for the revelation of the hiding place of Zumbi, which was died in 20 of November of 1695 (Day of the Black Conscience). The head of Zumbi was cut off and led to Recife and hung in public place until the total decomposition. The Quilombo of the Palmares it was destroyed having been the cradle of the Capoeira and was quilombo that congregated the biggest number of people, about 25 a thousand. Zumbi dies, but his example remains alive, becoming a symbol of the fight for the emancipation of the black race.
|
